To form the crater shape use a spackle (US) or polyfilla (UK), the latter being actually better as it is cellulose-based and does not shrink or warp while drying. Note that my projects that involve a lot of water-based spackling paste are usually constructed on a plywood base to prevent warping
Cover the whole thing with a PVA glue and sprinkle with fine sand:
Unpainted crater
When it is all dry, shake off excessive sand
Spray it all with a black paint
Drybrush it all with a grey paint
Glue some static grass to the base's rim
Blend the line between grass and sand with some black paint
A lot of players don't realise that the vertical and horizontal scales of miniatures-based wargames are different from each other. The battlefield is highly compressed to allow playing battles on a table while at the same time designers keep model proportions normal. This creates challenges for modelling realistic yet playable terrain »