To form the crater shape use a spackle (US) or polyfilla (UK), the latter being actually better as it is cellulose-based and does not shrink or warp while drying. Note that my projects that involve a lot of water-based spackling paste are usually constructed on a plywood base to prevent warping
Cover the whole thing with a PVA glue and sprinkle with fine sand:
Unpainted crater
When it is all dry, shake off excessive sand
Spray it all with a black paint
Drybrush it all with a grey paint
Glue some static grass to the base's rim
Blend the line between grass and sand with some black paint
The trick is to think backward. Normally you paint shadows in the recesses of a model and then highlights on the edges emphasising how the external light plays on the shape. Fire has a light of its own and so the roles are reversed and the deeper you go, the lighter it will be. »
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